Treatment of periodontal disease (periodontitis)

Bleeding gums, receding gums and loose teeth are signs of inflammation of the supporting tissues. Detected early, the disease can be arrested and the teeth preserved.

Signs of periodontal disease

  • gums bleed when brushing or flossing,
  • gums are red, swollen or tender,
  • bad breath or an unpleasant taste in the mouth,
  • gums recede, teeth look longer and the necks of the teeth are sensitive,
  • gaps or “black triangles” appear between the teeth,
  • teeth shift or become loose.

The disease progresses painlessly for a long time, so it is often only discovered at an examination.

Gingivitis or periodontitis?

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums caused by dental plaque. After thorough cleaning, the gums return to health within a few days. Untreated gingivitis can progress to periodontitis: the inflammation also affects the bone around the teeth, which is gradually resorbed. The consequences are gum recession, periodontal pockets, tooth mobility and, in advanced stages, tooth loss.

The risk is increased especially by smoking and poorly controlled diabetes. Periodontitis is also linked to general health, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Diagnostics

At the first examination we also examine the supporting tissues. If periodontitis is suspected, we carry out a periodontal chart: we measure pocket depths and recession and assess bleeding, tooth mobility and furcation involvement. Bone levels are assessed with an X-ray – a panoramic image or a 3D CBCT.

Course of treatment

Treatment follows a step-by-step approach in line with the guidelines of the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP):

  1. Oral hygiene and risk factor control – detailed cleaning instructions, removal of supragingival deposits and support with quitting smoking.
  2. Deep cleaning – under local anaesthesia we remove plaque and calculus from the periodontal pockets. Where needed, treatment is complemented with the Waterlase iPlus laser.
  3. Re-evaluation and surgical treatment where needed – after a few weeks we re-measure the pockets. Deep pockets are treated with surgical or regenerative procedures, in which bone substitutes may be used.
  4. Supportive periodontal therapy – regular visits to the dental hygienist, usually every 3 to 6 months depending on your condition.

Gum recession in periodontal disease

In periodontal disease the gums recede because of bone loss around the teeth. Because generalised disease also affects the bone between the teeth, the options for surgically covering exposed roots are limited. The priority is to arrest the disease and preserve the teeth. Localised recessions in otherwise healthy supporting tissues are treated differently – see Gum recession – root coverage.

Inflammation around dental implants (peri-implantitis)

The tissues around dental implants can also become inflamed. Treatment includes thorough cleaning of the implant surface, laser decontamination and, where needed, surgery. Regular supportive therapy is just as important for implants as for natural teeth.

Cost of treatment

The price depends on the extent of the disease and the number of procedures needed. After the examination and periodontal chart you receive a written treatment plan with a cost estimate. The first examination costs €60 (package with OPG and local X-rays €90), the first dental hygiene visit €120. Other prices are in our price list.

Who treats you

Frequently asked questions

Can periodontitis be cured?

Progression of the disease can be stopped and the condition stabilised in the long term. Lost bone usually does not fully return, but in some cases it can be partly regenerated with regenerative procedures. The key to success is regular supportive therapy.

Does treatment hurt?

Deep cleaning and surgical procedures are performed under local anaesthesia. For a few days afterwards the teeth and gums may be sensitive.

Why do my gums bleed?

The most common cause is gum inflammation due to dental plaque. Bleeding gums are not normal, so book an examination.

Is periodontitis hereditary?

Genetic predisposition influences the course of the disease, but the main cause is bacterial plaque. Smoking and diabetes further increase the risk.

How often do I need check-ups?

After treatment is completed, usually every 3 to 6 months. We adjust the interval to your condition.

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